Basics of Grammar

Table of Contents

Grammar

Grammar is a set of rules and regulations that govern a language

A system of rules that defined the grammatical structure of a language. 

Language 

Language is a way of communication 

Basic Skills of Language 

Listening, Reading, Speaking and Writing

Parts of Speech 

There are eight parts of Speech in the English Language, Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Preposition, Conjunctive and Interjection.

Noun 

Noun is the name of a person, place or thing or idea or a naming word is called Noun. 

Kinds of Noun

1. Common Noun
2. Proper Noun 
3. Collective Noun
4. Abstract Noun 
5. Material Noun

Common Noun

A common Noun is a Noun referring to a person, place or thing in a general sense, Common means Shared by all of the same Community. 

Example 

Dog, Girl, Country etc...

Proper Noun

Proper Noun denotes the name of a specific person, Place or thing. A proper Noun is usually started with a capital letter. 

Example 

Quaid e Azam was born in Karachi. 

Abstract Noun

An abstract Noun is a noun which names a quality, action, virtue or state which can't be perceived (feel) through five physical senses.

Example 

Quality; e.g goodness, badness, brightness.

Action; e.g theft, judgement 

State; e.g Childhood, Sleep

Martial Noun

A martial Noun represents the name of something that is tangible.     

Example 

Silver, Gold and cement etc...

Collective Noun 

A Collective Noun is the name of A Number of Persons or things taken together and considered as a unit.

Example 

Pak Army, Class, Family etc...

Classification of Noun 

On the Basis of countability nouns have two types;

Countable Noun 

Countable nouns are the names of objects, People etc. That we can count.

Example 

Apple, Sister, Friend etc.

Uncountable Noun 

Uncountable Nouns are the names of things that we can't count.

Example 

Sugar, Salt, Rice, Water, Milk etc.

Cases of Nouns or Pronouns

1. Nominative or Subjective 
2. Objective case
3. Possessive case

Example 

Nominative case; When a noun is used as a subject of the verb it is said to be in the nominative case or subjective case. 

e.g The Window (Nominative) was broken 

Objective case;

When a noun is used as the object of the verb it is called objective case 

e.g. He broke (Nomin) the window (obj) 

Possessive case;

The possessive case is used to express the ownership or possession. 

Example;

Ali (Noun) gave Akram (Obj) Rema's book (Possessive).

Pronoun;

A pronoun is a word Which is used instead of a noun. 

e.g. He, She, it etc.

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