Basics of Grammar
Table of Contents
Grammar
Grammar is a set of rules and regulations that govern a language
A system of rules that defined the grammatical structure of a language.
Language
Language is a way of communication
Basic Skills of Language
Listening, Reading, Speaking and Writing
Parts of Speech
There are eight parts of Speech in the English Language, Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Preposition, Conjunctive and Interjection.
Noun
Noun is the name of a person, place or thing or idea or a naming word is called Noun.
Kinds of Noun
- Common Noun
- Proper Noun
- Collective Noun
- Abstract Noun
- Material Noun
Common Noun
A common Noun is a Noun referring to a person, place or thing in a general sense, Common means Shared by all of the same Community.
Example
Dog, Girl, Country etc...
Proper Noun
Proper Noun denotes the name of a specific person, Place or thing. A proper Noun is usually started with a capital letter.
Example
Quaid e Azam was born in Karachi.
Abstract Noun
An abstract Noun is a noun which names a quality, action, virtue or state which can't be perceived (feel) through five physical senses.
Example
Quality; e.g goodness, badness, brightness.
Action; e.g theft, judgement
State; e.g Childhood, Sleep
Martial Noun
A martial Noun represents the name of something that is tangible.
Example
Silver, Gold and cement etc...
Collective Noun
A Collective Noun is the name of A Number of Persons or things taken together and considered as a unit.
Example
Pak Army, Class, Family etc...
Classification of Noun
On the Basis of countability nouns have two types;
Countable Noun
Countable nouns are the names of objects, People etc. That we can count.
Example
Apple, Sister, Friend etc.
Uncountable Noun
Uncountable Nouns are the names of things that we can't count.
Example
Sugar, Salt, Rice, Water, Milk etc.
Cases of Nouns or Pronouns
- Nominative or Subjective
- Objective case
- Possessive case
Example
Nominative case; When a noun is used as a subject of the verb it is said to be in the nominative case or subjective case.
e.g The Window (Nominative) was broken
Objective case;
When a noun is used as the object of the verb it is called objective case
e.g. He broke (Nomin) the window (obj)
Possessive case;
The possessive case is used to express the ownership or possession.
Example;
Ali (Noun) gave Akram (Obj) Rema's book (Possessive).
Pronoun;
A pronoun is a word Which is used instead of a noun.
e.g. He, She, it etc.
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